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Check my facts, question my calls, or Add an event the Creativity Timeline.
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| European monks
invent the escapement clock. |
1300 |
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Spinning wheel invented. |
1298 |
The longbow
revolutionizes warfare at the
Battle of Falkirk. |
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Marco Polo begins
dictating Book of Various Experiences in prison. |
1296 |
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| Model Parliament convenes in
London. Marco Polo returns to Venice with wonders and new ideas from the Far East. |
1295 |
Most of England's
clergy quit the Model Parliament. |
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1285 |
London develops
problems with smog. |
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| Flemish textile
workers rebel. |
1280 |
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| Glass mirror
invented. |
1278 |
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1277 |
Roger Bacon
imprisoned for heresy. |
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| Amsterdam
chartered. |
1275 |
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| Silk-reeling
machine invented. |
1272 |
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| Marco Polo begins
his travels. |
1271 |
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1269 |
Toll roads
introduced in England.
Louis IX of France orders Jews to wear a purple badge. |
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| Roger Bacon predicts radiology, the steamship, the airplane, television, and the discovery of the
Western Hemisphere.
Roger Bacon describes the magnetic needle, reading glasses, and the camera obscura.
Kublai Kahn establishes Beijing. |
1267 |
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| English bakers begin marking loaves of bread to identify the source of bad bread, thus establishing the trademark. |
1266 |
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| Roger Bacon writes De Computo Naturali. |
1264 |
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| Alexandr Nevsky convinces Tartars to reduce tributes and eliminate conscription. |
1262 |
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| Chartres
cathedral completed. |
1260 |
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1258 |
Flagellants begin physically punishing themselves in the belief that this will prevent plagues. |
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| Ulrich von
Lichtenstein writes Frauendienst. |
1255 |
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| Sorbonne founded as Community of Poor Masters and Scholars. |
1253 |
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| Hanseatic merchants establish common rights at the Flemish harbor of Bruges. Japanese sculptor Ono Goroemon casts Kamakura Daibutsu. |
1252 |
Inquisition
begins using torture.
Louis IX of France expels Jews. |
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| Farmers and
shepherds revolt in northern France and England. |
1251 |
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| Roger Bacon invents the magnifying glass. Vincent of Beauvais publishes Speculum naturale, historiale, doctrinale, an early encyclopedia.
Yukinaga Shinanozenji writes his epic, Heiki. |
1250 |
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| Roger Bacon
argues for science cirriculum at Oxford University. |
1249 |
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| The Hague
founded. |
1247 |
Robin Hood dies. |
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| Wernher der
Gertenaere writes Meier Helmbrecht, first German peasant romance. |
1246 |
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| German Hanseatic League introduces the rudder and bowsprit. |
1241 |
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| Guido Guinizelli establishes the dolce stil nuovo school of Italian love poetry. |
1240 |
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| Theodoric of Luca pioneers anesthesias. |
1236 |
Pope Gregory IX excommunicates Frederick II. |
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| Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II allows surgeons to dissect human bodies at the Salerno school of medicine.
Frederick II sponsors the translation of Aristole into Latin. |
1235 |
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| Japanese shogun forbids parents to sell their children into slavery. |
1231 |
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| Berlin founded. |
1230 |
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1229 |
Inquisition
forbids reading of Bible by lay persons. |
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1222 |
András II of Hungary issues A Golden Bull exempting clergy from taxation and refusing land or offices
to Jews or foreigners. |
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1218 |
Newgate Prison, London's debtor prison completed. |
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1216 |
Genghis Kahn destroys much of Near Eastern civilization. |
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| June 15
King John of England forced to sign the
Magna Carta at Runnymede. |
1215 |
Pope Innocent III
nullifies the
Magna Carta. |
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1212 |
More than 50,000
children sold into slavery as their Children's Crusade fails. |
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